8. List of Acronyms

ACE

Area Control Error

AGC

Automatic Generator Control

ATC

Available Transfer Capacity (MWe)

CHP

Combined Heat and Power (Co-generation)

DSA

Dynamic Security Analysis

DSM

Demand Side Management

DTS

Dispatching Training Simulators

ELTRA

Management Agency of the Danish Grid

EMS

Energy Management System

ESI

Electrical Supply Industry

FACTS

Flexible AC transmission

GTO

Gate Turn-off

HTB

High Tension Bus

HV

High Voltage

HVDC

High Voltage Direct Current

IC

Interconnection Capacity (MWe)

IGBT

Insulated Gate bipolar Transistor

IPP

Independent Power Producer

LOEE

Loss of Energy Expectation

LOLE

Loss of Load Expectation

LOLP

Loss of Load Probability

LSOWE

Large Scale Offshore Wind Energy

LV

Low Voltage

MV

Medium Voltage

NFFO

Non Fossil Fuel Obligation

NORDEL

Nordic Electricity Grid

NTC

Net Transfer Capacity (MWe)

NTF

Notified Transmission Flow (MWe)

OWEE

Offshore Wind Energy Europe

OWEN

Offshore Wind Energy Network

PV

Photovoltaic

RES

Renewable Energy Sources (Primary)

RES-E

Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity Production

RFC

regenerative Fuel Cell

RTU

Remote Thermal Unit

SA

Steady State Security Analysis

SCADA

Supervisory Control Data Acquisition System

SMES

?

STATCOM

Static Commutation

SVC

Static Var Compensator

TRM

Transmission Reliability Margin (MWe)

TSA

Transient Stability Analysis

TSO

Transmission System Operator

TTC

Total Transfer Capacity (MWe)

UCPTE

Union for the Coordination of Production and Transmission of Electricity

UCTE

Union for the Coordination of Transmission of Electricity (Formerly UCPTE)

VSC

Voltage Source Commuted

WPPT

Wind Power Prediction Tool

WTG

Wind Turbine Generator

 



[1] Cost of Energy (COE) calculated assuming an economical life-time of 40 years and an actualisation rate of 7%.

[2] EThe REGENESYS systemEby Price et al., Power Engineering Journal, Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol.13 Number 3, June 1999.

[3] The supply terminals mark the limit of the properties defined in the connection agreement between power system administrator and generating plant operator.

[4] UCPTE recommendations on primary frequency regulation: UCPTE ground rules

[5] French Technical Requirements for Power Plants Connection, for units under 120 MW and connected to HTB voltages (45 kV to 225 kV, 400 kV excluded) EArrtEdu 30 dcembre 1999.

[6] According to the UCPTE Ground Rules, the loss of 3000 MW of generation in the UCPTE grid must lead to a frequency collapse under 200 mHz. This point is the basic data to determine the spinning reserve needed for the grid.

 


1. Introduction
2. State-of-the-art Summary
3. Research Needs
4. Ranking
5. Critical Issues
6. Critical Research Needs
7. Reference List
8. List of Acronyms